The Novel "Controlled Intermediate Nuclear Fusion" and a Report on its Industrial Mechanics
| Scientific Paper | |
|---|---|
| Title | The Novel \"Controlled Intermediate Nuclear Fusion\" and a Report on its Industrial Mechanics |
| Read in full | Link to paper |
| Author(s) | Ruggero Maria Santilli |
| Keywords | {{{keywords}}} |
| Published | 2008 |
| Journal | Hadronic Journal |
| Volume | 31 |
| No. of pages | 86 |
| Pages | 115-200 |
Read the full paper here
Abstract
In this paper, we propose apparently for the first time a new type of controlled nuclear fusion called ?intermediate? because occurring at energies intermediate between those of the ?cold? and ?hot? fusions to attempt the resolution of their known insufficiencies. The paper then presents a progress report on the industrial realizations going on to enhance the net energy output that, currently, is already of the order of five times the used electric energy at relatively low operating power, pressure and temperature, as verifiable in the IBR laboratory in Florida. For this purpose: 1) We show that known limitations of quantum mechanics, quantum chemistry and special relativity, such as their reversibility in time compared to the irreversibility of all energy releasing processes, cause excessive insufficiencies for all controlled nuclear fusions; 2) We outline the structurally irreversible coverings of quantum mechanics, quantum chemistry and special relativity, collectively known as specifically conceived and verified during the past three decades for all energy releasing processes; 3) We identify seven physical laws predicted by the latter disciplines that have to be verified by all controlled nuclear fusions to occur in a systematic way; 4) We review the industrial research that can be disclosed at the moment in the most promising engineering realization and optimization of said seven laws; and 5) We review in construction details a number of reactors currently under industrial development for the possible realization of the novel controlled intermediate nuclear fusions with particular reference to reactors capable of producing large, industrially relevant heat for nuclear synthesis among light, natural and stable isotopes predicted by said covering theories without the emission of neutrons, protons and alphas and without the release of radioactive waste.
Available reactors already produce several millions of BTU per hour over the used electric energy, although this excess heat could be due to carbon combustion and other non-nuclear events. Hence, current industrial efforts aim at the increase of the efficiency and the net production of heat beyond the capabilities of orthodox interpretations. The results of these efforts, whether positive or negative, are expected to be published at some future time.
