A Unified Vision of the Universe

Scientific Paper
Title	A Unified Vision of the Universe
Read in full	Link to paper
Author(s)	William R Hohenberger
Keywords	universe, unified, black hole, planets, earth, aether, stellar air, liquid light, expanding earth
Published	2008
No. of pages	20

Read the full paper here

Abstract

All the space between the stars and the planets is filled with a single universal substance, the stellar air. The objects of our physical world are made from compressed and condensed stellar air, or liquid light. The stellar air can be seen as a luminous fog and the liquid light can be seen as structures of crystal. The stellar air is flowing into the Earth, which causes the sensation of gravity, and then turns into mass or liquid light, which causes the Earth to grow and to expand and the Earth's continents to drift apart. A black hole is a void encased within a ball of nuclear fire and exists at the center of each of the galaxies, the stars, and the planets. The physical universe expands within the heavenly universe, which is both finite and eternal. Everything is made from the stellar air and the liquid light and can be visualized in the various shapes and forms of the energies of the dark and the light. The world of color that we perceive is actually an illusion created within the boundaries of our minds, and there instead exists another world beyond our human perceptions, which is accessible only through the powers of our imagination.

Overview

This paper is a revised excerpt from Chapter 1, "Enlightened Mysteries", of W. R. Hohenberger's book Perceptions – A Symphony of Words. It is not a mathematical paper: it contains no equations and no numerical predictions. It is a sustained attempt at a single unified picture of nature, written as guided visualization and interleaved with verse, in which every phenomenon from weight to television reception is described using one substance and a small vocabulary of its states.

The claim is that the universe is completely full. Where contemporary physics builds theories "based on the thought that the universe is comprised of a small amount of real substance and that the remaining space is empty and void", Hohenberger begins from "the absolute totality of a universal substance" — declining the historical name Aether and calling it instead the stellar air, stellar sea or cosmic mist. Ordinary matter is that same substance compressed: liquid light. His second assumption is that matter and Energy are simply different manifestations of the one substance. Two departures from the mainstream account follow immediately. Gravity is not attraction but the inflow of stellar air through porous bodies — a push, not a pull. And that inflow does not merely press down: it converts into liquid light at depth, so the Earth grows, which is offered as the cause of continental drift. The paper also insists that the perceived world (colour, sound, touch) is a construction of mind, and that science, being "the study of partial events", cannot by itself complete the picture.

The argument

Two assumptions and a method

Hohenberger's stated foundation is cause and effect: "if we see an effect and know it to be real, then the cause must also be real". Two effects are named as the paper's starting data — the felt weight of the body, and the growth of the Earth — and a cause is demanded for both. He then declines to give the universal substance any "temporal description": its colour is the frequency at which its waves interact with the particles of the eye, "its size is that of the universe, and its composition is of itself". The first law of thermodynamics is read not as a constraint on machines but as a statement that the total substance is fixed; the second law, entropy, as fixing the direction of time.

The energy vocabulary

The central device of the paper is a small classification intended to describe everything. There are two phases of energy, the stellar air and the liquid light; two shades, the dark and the light; and two motions, flow and spin. These are quantified by three measures: pressure or density, velocity, and angular momentum. Orbital motion (Earth about Sun) is treated as a combination of flow and spin, and minor variants are added as "jiggle" or "wobble".

Pressure is the master scale. At its low end sits the "energy of darkness" — a hole in the stellar air, and Hohenberger notes that "just as it takes energy to remove air from a bell jar, so does it also take energy to create holes in the stellar air". Midway are stellar waves, visible as shades of brightness. At the top is liquid light, the stellar air compressed as oxygen is compressed to a liquid.

Gravity, and the growing Earth

Bodies are described as perforated structures — "gaping holes within these miniature structures, just as there are spaces between the structural members of an old steel bridge" — through which stellar air streams inward toward the Earth. Weight is the drag of that wind on the material of the body, felt within it rather than applied at its surface. Gravity is summarized as "the pressure of the flowing stellar air pushing against the bubbles of liquid light". Because the inflowing air is converted into matter at the core, the Earth increases in volume; its crust cracks and the fragments separate, giving continental drift without subduction. The paper's black hole is correspondingly not a relativistic singularity but "a void encased within a ball of nuclear fire" at the centre of every galaxy, star and planet — the low-pressure end of the same scale.

Waves, particles and atoms

The wave–particle problem is dissolved rather than solved: waves and particles "are both products of the stellar air and are only different by their relative energy forms". Stellar waves exist at all sizes; when spin and velocity are added to the smallest of them, pressure energy becomes particles of liquid light, and their opposites become antiparticles, i.e. holes in the liquid light (Antimatter). The Photon is placed exactly at the boundary where waves and particles meet.

From this Hohenberger launches his sharpest polemic. The proliferation of the particle zoo — gluons invented to hold protons together, then antiparticles, mesons, neutrinos, gravitons for gravity, and "quarks, strangeness, and red, blue and green color quarks" — is presented not as discovery but as manufacture: "could it be that instead of discovering new particles within the atom, we are actually creating these particles from the energy contained within the atom?" His alternative is an atom shaped like a bubble: a composite nucleus of protons and neutrons whose outer electron shell is "merely the reflection of that structure".

Cosmology of two worlds

The universe is finite, its total energy constant. Hohenberger proposes two nested worlds: a heavenly world of stellar air, constant in size, in which transformations run both ways; and a physical world of liquid light distributed through it and continually expanding, whose one-way dissolution back into stellar air is what establishes entropy and the arrow of time. Creation begins as a growing region of darkness in the stellar sea that explodes into the first stars, which in turn explode into the galaxies. At the outermost edge the decay of matter accelerates until "the energy of darkness disappears outside the universal world of space and time" — and since it is "the energy of nothing", it can be recreated instantly elsewhere, seeding the next cycle. What is present at the centre at the beginning, he says, is the instruction set for the universe rather than its substance; a new instruction set is being assembled at the centre while the present one expands.

Everyday physics restated

The vocabulary is then run over familiar phenomena as a consistency demonstration: electricity is liquid light flowing on the surfaces of the atoms in a wire; lightning and static are pulsating streaks of it; magnetism and Electromagnetism are "circular distortions within the stellar air"; cohesion is aberration in the flow between substances; a lamp filament oscillates and makes waves in the stellar air "just as the oars of a boat make waves in the water"; a broadcast antenna's bubbles of liquid light resonate from impinging stellar waves as guitar strings do from the player's hand. Solid, liquid and gas are distinguished by whether the bubbles are rigidly interconnected, torn apart by inner vibration, or accelerated beyond the gravitational pressure.

Perception, time and the whole

The closing sections argue that the Speed of Light is "the glue of the energy of the universe" and hence the limit on our access to the unfolding history of the universe. Time is the rate of change; because the density of the stellar air varies, the speed of energy — and so clock rate — can speed up or slow down, though never reverse. Finally, an image of holistic unity: at every point in a room the retina-sized volume already contains the information describing the room, so introducing a chair alters the entire space, not merely the space it occupies. Every object is "surrounded by an aura of reflected and self-generated energy from the entire wave spectrum". Science, studying partial events, can never describe the whole event; this is called "not an inherent weakness in science itself, but instead a limitation to the scope of science".

Assessment

What is genuinely attractive here is the discipline of the single vocabulary. Hohenberger sets himself the constraint that two phases, two shades, two motions and three measures must suffice for everything, and then actually attempts it — weight, drift, atoms, antimatter, television, the states of matter, the arrow of time — without reaching for a new entity at each difficulty. That is a real methodological commitment, and it grounds his best criticism: the mainstream account does answer each new anomaly with a new particle, and his question about whether accelerator physics discovers or manufactures its zoo is one that plenum theorists have pressed since the 1960s. His gravity is a coherent push model in the Push Gravity tradition, and it has the merit of explaining why weight is felt throughout the body rather than at its supported surface. His refusal to treat Energy as a thing — "a description for energy is also meaningless, since energy is simply a potential to cause change" — is sharper philosophy than most textbooks manage. And the paper is honest about its register: it is presented as a chapter of a book of verse and vision, addressed to imagination, and it does not pretend to be a calculation.

The difficulties are correspondingly severe, and they are of a kind no amount of imagery can repair. Nothing in the paper is derived. The energy classification is stipulated, not motivated; no rule specifies when stellar air becomes liquid light, at what pressure, or how fast. The gravity model gives no inverse-square law, no value of G, and no account of why the inflow toward a body should fall as 1/r² rather than any other way. Most damagingly for a push mechanism, an inflow that is absorbed and converted into matter must be depleted by the matter it passes through, which predicts shielding — a body behind another body should weigh less — and no such effect is measured; the same absorption is the classic thermodynamic problem for push gravity, since the momentum deposited to hold a body down should appear as heat.

The growing-Earth claim conflicts with direct measurement in a way the paper never confronts. Continental separation is real and measured, but satellite laser ranging and VLBI now bound any change in Earth's radius at well under a millimetre per year, orders of magnitude below what is needed to open the Atlantic by expansion; the sea-floor age pattern also requires destruction of old crust at trenches, which an expanding Earth has nowhere to put. Internally, the paper wants Earth to gain mass continuously while also asserting that the total energy of the universe is fixed and that the heavenly world is constant in size — the bookkeeping between a physical world "constantly expanding" and a heavenly world of unchanging extent is never carried out.

The particle criticism, though pointed, is asserted rather than argued: no alternative account is offered of the specific measurements the zoo was invented to fit, and the proposal that the electron shell is "merely the reflection" of the nuclear structure makes no contact with atomic spectra, which are the most precisely measured quantities in physics and which the shell model predicts to many decimal places. Likewise the claim that clock rates vary with stellar-air density is left qualitative, so it cannot be compared with the measured Time Dilation of atomic clocks flown at altitude, where the observed shift matches general relativity to parts in 10¹⁴.

Read as what it declares itself to be — a vision offered "to the scrutiny of each person's individual knowledge and understanding", an attempt to make a plenum universe imaginable rather than calculable — the piece is internally consistent in its imagery and unusually complete in its scope. Read as physics, it does not yet state a single claim in a form that could be checked against a number, which is the step its own principle of cause and effect would seem to demand.

See also

• William R Hohenberger
• Aether
• Expanding Earth
• Push Gravity
• Energy
• Antimatter
• Light
• Black Hole