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James Keene

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James Keene
Known forBinary Mechanics


James J. Keene is an American scientist and the Director of the Binary Mechanics Lab, which he founded in 1999. He is the originator of Binary Mechanics, a theoretical framework that treats space, time and energy as quantized ("binary") rather than continuous, and that seeks to derive fundamental physical constants from first principles. Keene has also served as Editor of the Journal of Binary Mechanics since 2010.

According to his professional profiles, Keene received a BA in Human Development (Behavioral Sciences) from the University of Chicago in 1967 and a PhD in Physiology & Biophysics (Neurophysiology) from the University of Michigan in 1972, and he has published research in physics, neuroscience, behavioral science and computer science.

Views and research

In Binary Mechanics, Keene argues that the standard quantum-mechanical wave function should give way to what he calls a "bit function." He contends that treating space and time as continuous leads the wave function to describe events at points in space and time that, in his view, do not physically exist, and that a fully quantized ("binary") description of space, time and energy avoids these assumptions.

On the basis of this framework, Keene claims to derive a number of fundamental physical quantities from first principles, including the electron rest mass, the vacuum speed of light c, the Planck constant h, the intrinsic spin of the electron and proton, the elementary charge e, fractional electric charge, and the intrinsic magnetic moment of the electron. His writings on the subject are collected in Journal of Binary Mechanics 2010-2018: 21st Century Physics with Quantized Space, Time and Energy.

YouTube Videos

Talks presented in the Cosmology discussion sessions on Roger J Anderton's YouTube channel (@rogeranderton418):

External links