A New Foundation for Physics
| Scientific Paper | |
|---|---|
| Title | A New Foundation for Physics |
| Read in full | Link to paper |
| Author(s) | David W Thomson, Jim Bourassa |
| Keywords | Aether |
| Published | 2006 |
| Journal | Infinite Energy |
| Number | 69 |
| No. of pages | 27 |
Read the full paper here
Abstract
Modern physics describes the mechanics of the Universe. We have discovered a new foundation for physics, which explains the components of the Universe with precision and depth. We quantify the existence of Aether, subatomic particles, and the force laws. Some aspects of the theory derive from the Standard Model, but much is unique. A key discovery from this new foundation is a mathematically correct Unified Force Theory. Other fundamental discoveries follow, including the origin of the fine structure constant and subatomic particle g-factors, a slight correction of neutron magnetic moment, a geometrical structure for charge, the quantification of electromagnetic charge as separate from electrostatic charge, a more precise meaning of spin, the quantification of space-resonance in five dimensions, and a new system of quantum units.
The Aether quantifies as a fabric of quantum rotating magnetic fields with electromagnetic, electrostatic, and gravitational dipole structures. Subatomic particles quantify as angular momentum encapsulated in a quantum, rotating magnetic field. All quantum, atomic, and molecular processes can be precisely modeled, leading to discrete physics with new understandings and insights.
Overview
This 27-page paper is the compact public statement of the Aether Physics Model (APM), the system David W Thomson and Jim Bourassa developed at the Quantum AetherDynamics Institute and set out at length in their book Secrets of the Aether. The authors present it not as a modification of existing theory but as a replacement foundation: a re-analysis of the standard empirical constants using a technique they call Quantum Measurement Analysis, from which they claim to recover the Aether as a quantified physical environment, a second species of electric charge, a closed-form strong force law, and the origin of the Fine Structure Constant.
The departure from the mainstream account is stated bluntly in the paper's own words: "Whereas modern physics focuses on what the Universe does, we quantify what the Universe is." The Universe is postulated to compose from three irreducible qualities — force, matter, and environment — with space-time demoted to a subset of environment. Matter is not a substance carrying properties but is its own angular momentum; Mass is a dimension rather than a stuff, and the equivalence of mass and energy along with the notion of rest mass are said to "have no meaning within the APM." The authors hold that the model supports General Relativity by supplying it a mechanical basis while explicitly rejecting Special Relativity, and that it "strongly supports" the Plasma Cosmology of Hannes Alfvén.
The argument
Dimensions redefined
The APM begins by re-founding the dimensional basis of physics on electron-scale quantities rather than SI units. Mass is taken as the electron mass me; length is derived, not assumed. Taking Planck's constant h = 6.626 × 10−34 kg·m2/sec as the quantum of action and arguing that the action quantum "refers directly to the electron," the authors strip out me and one factor of c to leave h/(mec) = 2.426 × 10−12 m — the Compton wavelength, which is then declared the quantum length λC. Quantum frequency follows as Fq = c/λC = 1.236 × 1020 Hz. Frequency, not time, is treated as the primitive dimension, on the ground that clocks measure frequency directly.
Two further stipulations do most of the later work. First, every dimension is said to have an "obverse" (linear) and a "reciprocal" (cyclical) character; reciprocal mass is "inertia that cycles positive and then negative," so the enormous mass associated with the Aether has zero net Inertia. Second, charge is distributed — it has dimensions of coulomb squared rather than coulomb, since "charge covers a surface, yet leaves no null spaces in between charges."
Two charges and the Gforce
From the distributed-charge premise the paper splits electricity into two quanta. The electrostatic charge e2 = 2.567 × 10−38 coul2 is the familiar elementary charge with modified dimensions. The electromagnetic or strong charge is new: eemax2 = h·Cd, the particle's angular momentum times an Aether conductance constant Cd = 2.112 × 10−4 siemens, giving each of electron, proton and neutron its own fixed strong charge proportional to its mass.
Behind both stands a single primary force, the Gforce, Gforce = maλCFq2 = 1.210 × 1044 newton, asserted constant so that the Universe is a closed system. The Aether unit itself is Gforce acting on area per strong charge, Au = Gforce·λC2/ea2, and — the paper's signature identity — equals 16π2 times Coulomb's constant, Au = 16π2kC. The geometrical constants are read off from assumed shapes: 2π for linear mass bent into a circle, 4π for spherical electrostatic charge, 4π2 for toroidal electromagnetic charge, and 16π2 for the four spin positions of the Aether unit. The Aether unit is pictured as two orthogonal spheres carrying a double loxodrome with four discrete spin positions — electron, positron, proton, antiproton — and, because it carries three length dimensions orthogonal to two frequency dimensions, constitutes "five-dimensional space-resonance" rather than four-dimensional space-time.
Unified force theory and the Casimir argument
The unification claim rests on the ratio of the two charges. The paper writes e2/eemax2 = 8πα, with matching relations 8πp and 8πn defining distinct "fine structure constants" for Proton and Neutron (3.974 × 10−6 and 3.969 × 10−6). The weak interaction is then not a force at all but this proportion; the paper's Table 2 sets its 9.988 × 10−5 and 9.975 × 10−5 against the textbook 10 × 10−5, and its proton and neutron strong-charge strengths of 100.058 and 100.127 against the textbook 100. The 8π factor is presented as the geometric bridge between a spherical solid angle and a steradian, and its appearance is likened to the 8π of the Einstein field equation.
The strong force law follows the same inverse-square form as Coulomb's Law but with strong charges, kCepmaxepmax/L2 = F, summed over a nucleus as (Z·epmax2 + N·enmax2)kC/λC2. For deuterium this gives 3675 forc = 124 newton.
The Casimir Effect supplies the paper's one contact with experiment. Noting that the standard coefficient π/480 = 6.545 × 10−3 sits within 3.3% of 1/16π2 = 6.333 × 10−3, and that Lamoreaux's 1996 measurement was quoted to 5%, the authors propose that the Casimir equation should carry 16π2 instead — whereupon it transposes into their electron strong force law and the "virtual photons" become the electron strong charge acting through Coulomb's law.
Particles, dark matter, and g-factors
Dark Matter is identified with "primary angular momentum" existing outside the charge structure of an Aether unit, which is why it interacts only gravitationally; absorption into an Aether unit confers charge and makes it visible matter or Antimatter. The Photon is h·c, one electron mass split equally between the Electron and Positron spin positions so the gravitational masses cancel and it appears massless. Gravitation is dipolar by spin parity, so matter and antimatter are held to repel. The Neutron is a bound electron and proton, with a cavity between them confining the Neutrino, whose angular momentum is derived as (4π2 − 1)h/8π = 1.531h.
Finally the paper argues that NIST's neutron magnetic moment equation only balances if the proton strong charge is used, which it calls "highly unlikely," and proposes a corrected neutron g-factor of −3.831359 against the NIST −3.826085. The g-factors themselves are given closed forms from a "Phi triangle" whose sides satisfy c + a = Phi: ge = 2/sin(Phi), gp = 2Phi/sin(phi).
Assessment
What is genuinely distinctive here is the discipline of the dimensional method. Rather than proposing a new particle or a new field, Thomson and Bourassa attempt to re-derive structure from the constants already measured, and Quantum Measurement Analysis is a real if unorthodox procedure: the recovery of the Compton wavelength from h/(mec) is arithmetically exact, and the observation that Au = 16π2kC reduces in cgs to kC = 1, Au = 16π2 is clean. The insistence that charge is dimensionally distributed (coul2) is a coherent and internally consistent choice once adopted, and the model is unusual among aether theories in producing definite numbers that can be checked. The identification of the "weak interaction" as a ratio rather than a force is an economical move, and the paper is candid about which of its constants are postulated rather than derived — it says outright that Gforce "is not presented as a derived constant."
The difficulties are correspondingly concrete. The chain from premises to results is thick with steps that are stipulated rather than shown: that the quantum of action "refers directly to the electron"; that mass is linear and therefore takes 2π while charge is a surface and therefore takes 4π; that the four spin positions multiply 4π2 to give 16π2. Each is introduced with "let us assume," and the geometrical constants that carry the unification are assigned by analogy to shapes rather than derived from any dynamics. The Phi-triangle g-factors are the sharpest case. The paper concedes that its calculated electron and proton g-factors "only agree with presently established electron and proton g-factors to the thousandths," but the measured electron g-factor is one of the most precisely known quantities in physics, confirmed against the Quantum Electrodynamics prediction to roughly twelve significant figures; agreement at the third digit is not agreement but coincidence at the scale where the interesting physics lives. Declaring the electron g-factor positive by fiat, because a negative value seems inconsistent with the neutron's, discards a sign that is measured.
The Casimir argument shows the same pattern. A 3.3% gap between π/480 and 1/16π2 is not small: the Casimir force has since been measured to the percent level and better, and the standard coefficient — which is derived from the mode structure of the electromagnetic field, not fitted — has survived. The authors also quote Lamoreaux's statement that "there was no evidence for a 1/a2 force in any of the data" and then reinterpret their own law as inverse-square anyway, which is an internal tension the paper does not resolve. Likewise, the reported Miller aether drift is given as "about ten thousand kilometers per second," a figure several hundred times the drift Miller actually reported and inconsistent with any interpretation of his interferometry.
Two further claims collide with well-established measurement. Gravitational repulsion between matter and antimatter is a definite prediction, and the ALPHA-g experiment at CERN has since dropped neutral antihydrogen and found it falls downward at the ordinary gravitational acceleration. And the identification of dark matter with unabsorbed primary angular momentum makes no contact with the observations that actually constrain dark matter — flat galactic rotation curves, cluster lensing, and the acoustic peak structure of the Cosmic Microwave Background — none of which are addressed. Finally, the rejection of special relativity is asserted rather than argued: the paper never confronts the direct experimental basis of that theory, such as accelerator lifetimes of unstable particles or the velocity dependence of Mass in storage rings, which any replacement foundation would have to account for.
Judged on its own terms, this is a serious attempt at a numerically explicit aether model, more careful and more falsifiable than most, and its authors ask only that it be "verified or disproved." The concluding claim that "no other theory has ever come close to matching the scope and promise of the Aether Physics Model" is, however, rhetoric the paper's own results do not support.