How Non-Velocity Redshifts in Galaxies Depend on Epoch of Creation

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Scientific Paper
Title How Non-Velocity Redshifts in Galaxies Depend on Epoch of Creation
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Author(s) Halton C Arp
Keywords redshifts, evolutionary ages, Hubble constant
Published 1991
Journal Apeiron
Volume 1
Number 9-10
No. of pages 6
Pages 53-80

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Abstract

Non-velocity redshifts of the brightest OB stars in the Magellanic Clouds are correlated with their evolutionary ages. It is shown that these excess redshifts are quantitatively predicted if the stars are made of matter created only ? 3 ? 106 yrs. later than the average matter in the Clouds. Intrinsic spectral shifts of galaxies and quasars are produced by relatively small differences in the epochs of their creation, though their average Hertzsprung-Russel diagrams are left essentially unchanged.

The Hubble constant is then quantitatively derived as a predominantly distance-intrinsic redshift effect which is a function of look back time, not as a distance-expansion velocity relation. Present estimates of the age of the oldest stars predict?on the basis of the age-intrinsic redshift law?a Hubble parameter of H0 = 45 ? 7 kms?1 compared to a recently measured value of H0 = 52 ? 2 kms?1 (Sandage and Tamman 1990).